Glycemic control low priority in diabetes CVD prevention
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Maintaining glycemic control does not reduce the likelihood for cardiovascular disease leading to hospitalization in people with Type 2 diabetes, report US researchers. (Source: MedWire News - Diabetes)
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Dysglycaemia in the critically ill ‐ significance and management
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Abstract Hyperglycaemia frequently occurs in the critically ill, in patients with diabetes, as well as those who were previously glucose‐tolerant. The terminology ‘stress hyperglycaemia’ (SH) reflects the pathogenesis of the latter group, which may comprise up to 40% of critically ill patients. For comparable glucose concentrations during acute illness outcomes in SH appear to be worse than those in patients with type 2 diabetes. While several studies have evaluated the optimum glycaemic range in the critically ill, their interpretation in relation to clinical recommendations is somewhat limited, at least in part because patients with SH and known diabetes were grouped together, and the optimum glycaemic range was regarded as static, rather than dynamic, phenomenon. In addition to hy...
Medical strategies to reduce amputation in patients with Type2 diabetes
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Abstract Lower extremity amputation is a common and disabling complication of Type 2 diabetes. Whilst the introduction of specialist multidisciplinary teams has led to a reduction in the incidence of lower extremity amputation in some centres, the overall prevalence of diabetes‐related amputation has actually increased in recent decades. The aetiology of diabetes‐related amputation is complex, with neuropathy, macrovascular and microvascular disease contributing significantly. Ulceration, previous amputation, increasing diabetes duration and poor long‐term control of glycaemia and lipids are important risk factors for amputation in populations with diabetes. Major randomized intervention trials of blood glucose‐lowering or anti‐hypertensive therapies in populations with diabetes...
Low Sperm Count Tied to High TV Time (CME/CE)
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(MedPage Today) -- Today's couch potatoes could turn into tomorrow's reproductively challenged spuds, according to results of a study linking TV time to poorer sperm quality in young men. (Source: MedPage Today Endocrinology)
Blood Pressure‐lowering Effects of GLP‐1 Receptor Agonists Exenatide and Liraglutide: A Meta‐analysis of Clinical Trials
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ConclusionTreatment with the GLP‐1 RAs exenatide and liraglutide reduced SBP and DBP by 1 to 5 mmHg compared with some other anti‐diabetic drugs including insulin, glimepiride and placebo for patients with type 2 diabetes. GLP‐1 RAs may offer an alternative therapy for these patients and will help provide extra cardiovascular benefits. (Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Both autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells and peripheral blood progenitor cells therapies similarly improve ischemia in patients with diabetic foot in comparison with control treatment
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ConclusionsOur study showed superior benefit of BMMNC and PBPC treatment of CLI in patients with DFD when compared to conservative therapy. There was no difference between both cell therapy groups and no patient demonstrated signs of systemic vasculogenesis. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews)
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Association Between Physical Activity and Risk of All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Diabetes: A meta-analysis.
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CONCLUSIONS More PA was associated with a larger reduction in future ACM and CVD risk in patients with diabetes. Nevertheless, any amount of habitual PA was better than inactivity. PMID: 23349151 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Diabetes Care)
GPR40 Modulators: New Kid on the Block.
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Authors: Basu A, Kudva YC, Basu R PMID: 23349149 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Diabetes Care)
Comment on: Pan et al. Bidirectional Association Between Depression and Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Epidemiological Studies. Diabetes Care 2012;35:1171-1180.
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Authors: Kawada T PMID: 23349159 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Diabetes Care)
Response to Comment on: Chang et al. A 25-Year Longitudinal Evaluation of Gastric Emptying in Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2012;35:2594-2596.
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Authors: Rayner CK, Chang J, Jones KL, Horowitz M PMID: 23349162 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Diabetes Care)
Twenty-First Century Behavioral Medicine: A Context for Empowering Clinicians and Patients With Diabetes: A consensus report.
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Authors: Marrero DG, Ard J, Delamater AM, Peragallo-Dittko V, Mayer-Davis EJ, Nw.wo R, Fisher EB PMID: 23349150 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Diabetes Care)
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Effect of Vildagliptin Compared to Glimepiride on Postprandial Proinsulin Processing in the Beta Cell of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus
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This study compared the effect of Glimepiride versus Vildagliptin on beta cell function and the release of intact proinsulin levels in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM). Patients on metformin monotherapy were randomized to add on treatment with Vildagliptin or Glimepiride. A standardized test meal was given at baseline, after 12 and 24 weeks of treatment. Insulin, intact proinsulin, and blood glucose values were measured in the fasting state and postprandial for 300 minutes. Fasting intact proinsulin levels significantly decreased in the Vildagliptin group. The area under the curve (AUC) for the postprandial release of intact proinsulin decreased during Vildagliptin and increased during Glimepiride treatment. The proinsulin to insulin ratio declined in the Vildagliptin group, w...
Normal‐weight obesity in Korean adults
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ConclusionsObesity can be defined as 26% BF or greater in Korean men and 36% BF or greater in Korean women. There was a high prevalence of clustering of cardiometabolic abnormalities among subjects with NWO.© 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd (Source: Clinical Endocrinology)
A 'neurosteroid' found to prevent brain injury caused by HIV/AIDS (EurekAlert, 31 January 2013)
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An international collaboration published in The FASEB Journal reports a disruption of the brain's neurosteroid signalling during HIV infection. Full article (Source: Society for Endocrinology)
Circulating miR-375 as a Biomarker of β-Cell Death and Diabetes in Mice.
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Authors: Erener S, Mojibian M, Fox JK, Denroche HC, Kieffer TJ Abstract Type 1 diabetes is a progressive autoimmune disease that is largely silent in its initial stages. Yet, sensitive methods for detection of β-cell death and prediction and prevention of diabetes are lacking. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) have been found at high concentrations in body fluids. Here in this study we sought to determine whether an islet enriched miRNA, miR-375, is a suitable blood marker to detect β-cell death and predict diabetes in mice. We measured miR-375 levels by quantitative RT-PCR in plasma samples of streptozotocin (STZ)-treated C57BL/6 mice and nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. We also measured miR-375 levels in media samples of cytokine- or STZ-treated islets in the presence or absence of cell-death i...
Treatment with the Radiolabelled Somatostatin Analog 177Lu-DOTATATE for Advanced Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
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Neuroendocrinology (DOI:10.1159/000348394) (Source: Neuroendocrinology)
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Research Assistant: the genetic and molecular basis of human congenital hypothyroidism, University of Cambridge, UK
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Added via www.jobs.ac.uk. Applications are invited for a Research Assistant position funded by the Wellcome Trust to study the genetic and molecular basis of human congenital hypothyroidism (CH). The successful candidate will work with Dr Nadia Schoenmakers and the wider molecular endocrine research group led by Professor Krishna Chatterjee, based in the Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories on the Addenbrooke's Campus. You will join a program which aims to understand the molecular basis of human genetic thyroid disease. The research will involve the identification of risk genes for CH, by analysis and follow up of rare variants identified by whole exome sequencing, using Sanger sequencing. The RA will be responsible for the optimization of a multiplexed sequencing...
Daphne Jackson Fellowship Opportunities
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A Daphne Jackson Fellowship is a unique fellowship designed to return scientists, engineers and technologists to their careers after a break. Fellowships are normally undertaken on a part-time basis in a university or research establishment in the UK. They are flexible and include a tailored training programme designed to update the skills and knowledge of the Fellow thus allowing them to return at the appropriate level to their career. The Fellowship is normally part-time for two years and the Fellow is paid a salary, with a small additional allowance for expenses such as conference attendance. Fellowships are held within a university research laboratory or in a suitable research division in an industrial establishment in the UK. The following fellowships are currently available, with an...
Involvement of prolactin releasing peptide in activation of oxytocin neurones in response to food intake
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Abstract Food intake activates neurones expressing prolactin releasing peptide (PrRP) in the medulla oblongata and oxytocin neurones in the hypothalamus. Both PrRP and oxytocin have been shown to have an anorexic action. Here, we investigated whether activation of oxytocin neurones following food intake is mediated by PrRP. We first examined expression of PrRP receptors (also known as GPR10) in rats. Immunoreactivity of PrRP receptors was observed in oxytocin neurones and in vasopressin neurones in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus and in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Application of PrRP to isolated supraoptic nuclei facilitated release of oxytocin and vasopressin. In mice, re‐feeding increased expression of Fos protein in oxytocin neurones of the h...
Mineralocorticoid receptor-mediated vascular insulin resistance: an early contributor to diabetes-related vascular disease?
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Authors: Bender SB, McGraw AP, Jaffe IZ, Sowers JR Abstract Two-thirds of adults in the U.S. are overweight or obese, and another 26 million have type 2 diabetes (T2D). Patients with diabetes and/or the metabolic syndrome have a significantly increased risk of heart attack and stroke compared with people with normal insulin sensitivity. Decreased insulin sensitivity in cardiovascular tissues as well as in traditional targets of insulin metabolic signaling, such as skeletal muscle, is an underlying abnormality in obesity, hypertension, and T2D. In the vasculature, insulin signaling plays a critical role in normal vascular function via endothelial cell nitric oxide production and modulation of Ca(2+) handling and sensitivity in vascular smooth muscle cells. Available evidence suggest...